Straipsnis Grikių grūdų užterštumas mikroskopiniais grybais ir mikotoksinais

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Buckwheat Grain Contamination with Microscopic Fungi and Mycotoxins

  • Bibliographic Description: Ilona Kerienė, Audronė Mankevičienė, Rūta Česnulevičienė, Eugenija Bakšienė, „Grikių grūdų užterštumas mikroskopiniais grybais ir mikotoksinais“, @eitis (lt), 2016, t. 727, ISSN 2424-421X.
  • Previous Edition: Ilona Kerienė, Audronė Mankevičienė, Rūta Česnulevičienė, Eugenija Bakšienė, „Grikių grūdų užterštumas mikroskopiniais grybais ir mikotoksinais“, Žemės ūkio mokslai, 2014, t. 21, nr. 3, p. 142–150, ISSN 1392-0200.
  • Institutional Affiliation: Lietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centras.

Summary. Buckwheat grain contamination with microscopic fungi and mycotoxins was investigated at the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (LRCAF) during 2011–2013. The aim of the research was to determine microscopic fungi and mycotoxin contamination in buckwheat grain harvested in 2011–2013. Test grain samples were collected from the fields of organically and conventionally produced buckwheat of the LRCAF Vokė Branch and the Perloja Experimental Station. Mycotoxins in grain were detected by immunoenzyme (ELISA) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. The test showed that the grains were infested with the fungi of Fusarium genus and the grain contamination level ranged from 11–58.5% in different years. Analysis of the species composition indicated F. avenaceum, F. sporotrichioides, F. equiseti, F. poae, F. semitectum, F. graminearum to account for the largest share. Fusarium spp. composition differed between experimental years, likewise the concentrations of the assayed mycotoxins. Analyses done after 7 months of storage showed the fungus of Mucor, Rhizopus, Aspergillus, Penicillium to be present on the stored grain. This suggests that these fungi were present in the storage environment since no presence of them was detected shortly after harvesting. In uncleaned grain, the risk of AFL B1 doubled and that of OCH A increased by 22%. The greatest mycotoxicological contamination on buckwheat grain was identified in 2011, when 78% of buckwheat samples were co-contaminated with three toxins – DON, AFL B1 and OCH A, and 22% of samples were co-contaminated with four toxins – DON, AFL B1, OCH A and ZEA.

Keywords: buckwheat, mycotoxins, contamination, microscopic fungi.

 
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